Sea cucumber fisheries globally follow boom and bust patterns driven by overfishing and predictable switching to other target species. Since 1995, commercial harvest of sea cucumbers has occurred across the Great Barrier Reef in Queensland, Australia. Despite the commercial harvest of 20 species of sea cucumber in this fishery, few studies have quantified whether these fisheries have been sustainable. Here we examined commercial catch data of the top 5 targeted species from the Queensland Sea Cucumber Fishery, including Holothuria fuscogilva, H. whitmaei, Actinopyga spinea, Thelenota ananas, and Curryfish (Stichopus herrmanni and S. vastus combined). To determine trends over time, we used Generalised Additive Models to standardise Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) for fisher behaviour, ecological and socio-economic drivers. Standardised catch rates were stable over the variable years of fishing for most species, excluding H. whitmaei, which was closed to fishing between 2000 to 2019 due to overharvesting. Whilst sustainable harvest rates are indicated for the other species, A. spinea show evidence of recent (post 2020) declines that may or may not be fisheries-driven. Despite a three-year rotational harvest strategy, there remain questions as to whether some level of hyperstability has influenced these catch patterns. To this end, we support broad fishery-independent surveys of sea cucumber populations, as well as research on the biology and ecology of these targeted species to better interpret these trends and the potential impacts of this fishery.