The Australian freshwater whipray Urogymnus dalyensis was identified as a separate species from the Giant Freshwater whipray Urogymnus polylepis in 2008. For many years, this species was thought to be restricted to freshwater environments, but both morphological assessment of its sensory organs and acoustic telemetry data indicate that U. dalyensis is likely to tolerate higher salinity. Currently, this species is reported from select rivers in Northern Australia, extending from Western Australia to the Gulf of Carpentaria.
Citizen science reports to Sharks And Rays Australia (SARA) indicate that U. dalyensis also inhabits the east coast of Australia, from the tip of Cape York to the Cooktown region, with individuals documented in freshwater, coastal and reef environments. One juvenile ray, the smallest ever recorded, was captured and released in Rinyirru (Lakefield) National Park, with a disk width of 38cm. Large female rays up to 150 cm disk width have been documented through ecological surveys in the Mitchell River, also increasing the known size of the species. East coast rays were genetically sampled, and their species confirmed with genetic barcoding. Finally, archeological evidence also indicates that these locations are not new, as large rays are documented in rock art from the Laura Region.